Based on different processing methods, blanking can be divided into conventional punching, CNC punching, shearing machine cutting, laser cutting, and flame cutting. Due to the varying methods, the process characteristics of blanking also differ. The primary blanking methods for sheet metal are CNC punching and laser cutting.

When a material is bent, the outer layer in the rounded area is subjected to tension, while the inner layer is compressed. For a given material thickness, the smaller the inner radius (r), the more severe the tension and compression. If the tensile stress on the outer radius exceeds the material's ultimate strength, cracks or fractures may occur. Therefore, structural design of bent parts should avoid excessively small bending radii.

The fillet radius between the bottom and the vertical wall of a drawn part should be greater than the sheet thickness, i.e., r1 ≥ t. For smoother drawing, r1 is generally set to (3~5)t, and the maximum fillet radius should be ≤ 8t (r1 ≤ 8t). Due to variations in stress distribution during stretching, the material thickness changes after the process. Typically, the center of the bottom retains its original thickness, the bottom corner area becomes thinner, the top near the flange becomes thicker, and the four corners of rectangular drawn parts become thicker.

Embossing ribs on flat metal components helps increase structural rigidity. Louvers are often used on various housings or enclosures for ventilation and heat dissipation. The forming method involves cutting the material with one cutting edge of the punch, while the remaining part of the punch simultaneously stretches the material, creating a raised shape with one side open.

The main welding methods include arc welding, electroslag welding, gas welding, plasma arc welding, fusion welding, pressure welding, and brazing. For sheet metal products, welding primarily consists of arc welding and gas welding.